Basalt Fiber

What is Basalt Fiber?

Basalt fiber
Basalt fiber

Basalt is a basalt rock. It is classified as an igneous rock that has been solidified by the cooling of magma and has a mottled structure containing 45% to 52% SiO2 (silicon dioxide).

Basalt fiber is a non-flammable natural material made by crushing the basalt, placing it in a melting furnace, melting it at a high temperature of 1500℃, and then injecting and spinning it. It has excellent fire resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, and chemical resistance, as well as high strength and high modulus of elasticity. By using Basalt fiber as a reinforcing material, a variety of composite materials can be made with excellent performance.

It is mainly used in construction applications such as reinforcing grids and rods, and it is also used as a substitute for glass fiber due to its alkali resistance, and in recent years, it has been attracting attention as an environmentally friendly material that takes into account the SDGs.

History of Basalt fiber

Basalt fiber was developed by the Moscow Institute of Glass and Plastics in 1954.
In the 1960s and 70s, the Ministry of Building Materials Industry of Ukraine established a special scientific research and production consortium for thermal and acoustic insulation materials.
The main task was to develop a production line for the manufacture of basalt fibers and their products.
The Scientific Research Institute of the Commonwealth of Independent States began the development and preparation of basalt fiber in 1972 and has developed more than 20 production processes for basalt fiber products. In 1985 they succeeded in the development and industrialization of continuous basalt fiber.

 

Basalt fiber is an excellent alternative to glass fiber

 

Basalt fiber is a completely eco-friendly material that is SDGs and carbon neutral.

 

 

Features of Basalt fiber(Basalt rock fiber)

 

Comparative table of physical properties of Basalt fiber (1/3 specific gravity and 4 times tensile strength with steel)

PropertiesBasalt fiberE glass fiberS glass fiberPolypropyleneAramid FiberCarbon fiberCopper Fiber
Density(g-cm3)2.632.542.540.911.451.787.8
Tensile strength (MPa)3200~38503100~32003200~41004202900~34303500~6000600~900
Coefficient of elasticity (Gpa)9372.50863.5070~140230~430250
Breaking elongation rate (%)3.14.75.3101.5~2.01.5~2.0
Softening temperature (℃)1050850850100270800
Operation temperature (℃)
(Heat resistance temperature)
-260~65038038060250500500
Temporary temperature (℃)11001000950120500800950
Thermal conductivity coefficient0.031~0.0380.026~0.035
Electrical resistance(Ω)1×1012
Sound absorption rate0.9~0.99

Applications and construction examples of Basalt fibers

Fireproof insulation

Basalt fiber fireproof cloth, Fire retardant curtains, Firefighter’s uniform, protective equipment.

Infrastructure improvement

Highways, intercity roads, bridges, airport runways, ports, hydroelectric facilities, seismic and magnetometer stations, fire insulation inside and outside buildings, wind turbine blades.

Eco

Soot filters, car silencers, car exhaust filters, high-temperature blankets, corrosion-resistant winding tubes, air tanks, corrosion-resistant clean isolation.

Basalt Fiber Reinforced Plastics

Structural parts for cars and ships, interior materials, radomes, gun barrel heat shields, reinforced nylon, reinforced rubber, electronic printing, circuit boards, sports materials such as fishing rods and clubs.

Road construction with basalt mesh material
Installation of Basalt mesh material.
Road construction by laying basalt mesh material

Prices and quality of Basalt fibers we wholesale

IngredientsContent(%)
SiO251.6 ~ 59.3
Al2O314.6 ~ 18.3
CaO5.9 ~ 9.4
MgO3.0 ~ 5.3
Na2O+K2O3.6 ~ 5.2
TiO20.8 ~ 2.25
Fe2O3+FeO9.0 ~ 14.0
others0.09 ~ 0.13
EDM’s wholesale Basalt ingredients

1) The President and the Managing Director have a strong network in China, which enables them to distribute high quality Basalt fibers at lower prices than other companies.

2) We have tried many Basalt fibers from different countries, including those made in Japan, but the quality of Basalt fibres from China, which we deal in, was the best.

3) In addition to the range of Basalt fibers we offer, we can also process any knitting method according to customer requirements.

Product range

Basalt Cloth (basalt fiber)

Basalt Cloth (basalt fiber)
Basalt Cloth (basalt fiber)

Basalt cloth is woven with basalt fiber.
It can be woven in a variety of ways, such as plain weave, twill weave, and vermilion weave, depending on the customer’s needs.
Weight and thickness can also be changed depending on the application.

FeaturesApplications
  • Nonflammable and fire-resistant
  • Good adherence to coding
  • Excellent tensile strength
  • Resistant to electromagnetic radiation

  • Reinforcement of various composite materials such as FRP
  • High-performance applications from construction to clothing
  • Fire curtains for fire prevention and containment
  • Laminating walls to enhance baking time to meet building codes and regulations
  • Filter material for industrial waste gas and dust collection
  • Fire protection for roofs
  • Fireproof clothing
  • Fire-resistant coating material for power transmission lines
  • Electromagnetic shield

Basalt chopped strand mat

Basalt chopped strand mat
Basalt chopped strand mat

Basalt fibers are uniformly dispersed in a random direction and formed into a sheet using a binding agent.
Excellent choice for hand lay-up molding, filament wiping molding, and compression molding.

FeaturesApplications
  • No directionality in base material strength
  • Optimal impregnation
  • High abrasion and corrosion resistance
  • Internal automotive systems and components
  • Boat Hull
  • Three-dimensional sculptures and playground equipment

Basalt surface mat

Basalt surface mat
Basalt surface mat

It is a thin sheet of finely chopped basalt chopped fiber made by the paper manufacturing method.
It is used to improve the surface finish of the FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics) manufacturing process by hand layup molding or press molding, for example, to prevent the surface exposure of glass fiber or basalt fiber.
It is also ideal for manufacturing GRP pipes and storage tanks using the filament winding method.

FeaturesApplications
  • Optimal impregnability
  • Surface treatment of molded products

 Basalt needle mat

Basalt needle mat
Basalt needle mat

It is a material with very low thermal conductivity and guaranteed high heat insulation, heat retention, and sound insulation properties that can withstand continuous operation in a wide range of temperature environments from -260°C to over 900°C.

FeaturesApplications
  • Needle processing
  • Excellent heat resistance and sound insulation
  • High durability and chemical resistance
  • Low thermal conductivity
  • Heat insulation, thermal insulation, and sound insulation for equipment and piping
  • Insulation and soundproofing of engine exhaust systems, etc.
  • Thermal resistance materials for electrochemical industries and aviation industries

Basalt Mesh

Basalt Mesh
Basalt Mesh

It is a semi-hard product made of high-strength basalt fiber with a coated surface.
It is a good material for reinforcing asphalt and concrete and is suitable for building all kinds of pavements, such as highways, as well as banks and hillsides. Mesh sizes include 5 mm x 5 mm, 10 mm x 10 mm, 25 mm x 25 mm, 40 mm x 40 mm, and 160 mm x 160 mm lattices, etc. Thickness and size can be changed according to customers’ requests and applications.

FeaturesApplications
  • Strength comparable to metal reinforcement
  • About 1/3 the weight of steel fiber
  • Excellent durability and corrosion resistance
  • Reinforcement of asphalt and concrete
  • Construction of roads, slopes, and banks

Basalt grid

Basalt grid
Basalt grid

Basalt Grid is a lattice-like material made of basalt fibers reinforced with resin.
It has higher strength than Basalt mesh and is suitable for reinforcing concrete.
The mesh size is 50mm x 50mm, 100mm x 100mm, 150mm x 150mm, and the thickness is 1mm to 5mm.

FeaturesApplications
  • Lightweight and high strength
  • Excellent durability
  • High crack resistance
  • Reinforcement of bridge abutments and piers
  • Reinforcement of roads, waterways, tunnels, building structures, etc.
  • Anti-seismic reinforcement of the foundation

Basalt rod

Basalt rod
Basalt rod

Basalt rod is an advanced material that can replace rebar and glass reinforcement and has the complementary advantages of high ductility of rebar and high strength of FRP reinforcement material. There are two types.
(1) Basalt bars, which are reinforced with basalt fibers hardened with resin, are stronger than steel bars and have bending recovery characteristics that allow them to return to their original state without deformation even when subjected to strong loads that would cause steel bars to bend.
(2) Basalt rod material is also available, which is reinforced by wrapping Basalt fiber around the inner core rebar and hardening it with resin and is a low-cost product.
It is available in diameters from 4mm to 25mm, and the length can be cut according to the customer’s requirements.

FeaturesApplications
  • High electrical insulation properties
  • Bending recovery characteristics
  • High corrosion resistance
  • Excellent elastic modulus and tensile strength
  • Concrete earthquake-resistant construction
  • Especially used for columns and earthquake resistance in buildings.
  • Seismic reinforcement of RC bridge piers

Experimental movie of the bending recovery characteristics of basalt rods.

Experiments on bending recovery characteristics of basalt rods.

This video is a comparison experiment to see what happens when a rebar and basalt rod are bent.
Both rods are bent the same distance using a press.

The reinforcing bar remains bent when it is bent, but the basalt rod has a bending restoration property, so it returns to straightness as before even if it is bent.

Basalt rods are about one-quarter the weight of reinforcing steel bars and have four times the tensile strength of reinforcing steel bars, making them extremely strong and effective for earthquake-resistant reinforcement of buildings.

Basalt insulation board

Basalt insulation board
Basalt insulation board

Basalt insulation board is made from Basalt fiber short-staple fibers using a special process and has excellent heat retention and sound absorption properties, as well as high strength.
It is a fire-resistant insulating material that is ideal for exterior walls and wall cores.

FeaturesApplications
  • High tensile strength (1MPa or higher)
  • High compressive strength (465KPa)
  • No shrinkage deformation or temperature difference deformation
  • Anchor nails can be driven freely.
  • Radiation resistance, water resistance, heat insulation, sound absorption
  • Four times the service life of organic insulation materials
  • Building materials (wall insulation panels, decorative laminate core materials, sound absorbing panels, ceiling materials, etc.)
  • As indoor heat insulation material for high-rise buildings
  • Industrial heat insulating materials (heat insulating materials)
  • Automobile and shipbuilding fields (heat insulating materials for automobile ceilings, interior materials for ship cabins, etc.)

Video of combustion experiment of material coated with solution of next generation FRP on Basalt solid board.

Combustion test of material coated with a solution of next-generation FRP on Basalt insulation.

Basalt fiber can be used continuously in temperatures ranging from -260℃ to 650℃. It is a material that is resistant to very low and high temperatures. Basalt solid board is made by solidifying Basalt fiber with adhesive, so when it is burned with a burner at 1200℃, the adhesive burns and smoke is generated.

In this video, we conduct a combustion test of a nonflammable material that is further insulated by coating Basalt Solid Board with a nonflammable next-generation FRP solution developed by our company.

Even after burning it with a burner at 1200℃ for 10 minutes, it does not burn at all and does not emit smoke. The back side did not reach more than 191℃ after 5 minutes. It is a very good heat insulator in that thinness.

Fire insulating panels

Fire insulating panels
Fire insulating panels

Fire insulating panels are non-combustible insulation materials that sandwich rock wool between basalt insulation boards to enhance the fire insulating effect. It has high tensile and compressive strength and has also five times more durability than organic insulation materials.

FeaturesApplications
  • High tensile strength (1MPa)
  • High compressive strength
  • No shrinkage deformation or temperature difference deformation
  • Anchor nails can be driven freely.
  • Radiation resistance
  • Five times the service life of organic insulation materials
  • Building materials (wall insulation panels, decorative laminate core materials, sound absorbing panels, ceiling materials, etc.)
  • Industrial heat insulating materials (heat insulating materials)
  • Automobile and shipbuilding fields (heat insulating materials for automobile ceilings, interior materials for ship cabins, etc.)

Basalt chopped strand

Basalt chopped strand
Basalt chopped strand

Basalt chopped strands are made of long fibers cut into lengths for specific applications.
It is coated with a focusing and binding agent to make it compatible with various materials and ingredients.

FeaturesApplications
  • No water absorption
  • High oil absorption rate
  • High heat resistance
  • Excellent durability and aging resistance
  • Excellent chemical resistance, especially alkali resistance
  • Asphalt Reinforcement
  • Cement reinforcement
  • Composite Materials
  • Synthetic product
  • Thermoplastic material
  • Nylon reinforced
  • Rubber reinforced
  • Brake pads and lining
  • Needle mat
  • Surface mat
  • Blend with other fibers

Basalt Yarn

Basalt Yarn
Basalt Yarn
Basalt yarn dyed red.
Prototype of basalt yarn dyed red for trial.

Dyeing basalt fiber is very difficult, but this is a prototype of basalt yarn that we dyed red at the customer’s request.

Fiber diameter (μm)Fiber density (tex)
616.5
6≥100
722
7198
933
9100
9132
9≥200
10234
10.5200-270
10.5350-400
11100
11200
12480
13132
13264
13400/600/800
14400/600/800
15-16400/600/800
Basalt Yarn Specifications

Basalt roving

Basalt roving
Basalt roving
Fiber diameter (μm)Fiber density (tex)
9≥100
11≤400
11800-2400
11≥2400
12330
13≤400
13800-2400
13≥2400
13.5-15≤400
13.5-15800-2400
13.5-15≥2400
16-17≤400
16-17800-2400
16-17≥2400
Basalt roving specifications